Hard skills are technical capabilities that are easy to teach and measure, soft skills are personal attributes that impact how someone words and how someone interacts with others.

A job description provides the title, location, purpose, and duties of the position; a job specification details the credentials, experience, skills, education, and training required to execute work assignments.

An applicant is an individual who has applied for a job; a candidate is an individual who has been screened in the application process and selected to compete for the position.

To demote is to lower the rank of an employee, typically as punishment; to promote is to advance an employee to a higher position, usually based on quality work performance.

In American English, a holiday is an authorized day off of work to commemorate a special occasion (e.g., Christmas), but a vacation is extended time away from work for personal reasons (e.g., a trip). In British English, holiday is used to refer to both of these instances

The evaluation and documentation of an employee’s ability to effectively perform their work duties and contribute to the company

The ability to keep workers employed at an organization and prevent them from leaving their jobs