![[F-E] Modals of Obligation](https://images.ctfassets.net/r30ratzbtbbf/4kkskXzdMjV3HkZfojnouL/b79ba0cba05be33f10fc5612cce61af9/Modals_of_Obligation.png)
LET'S READ! 📖 Direction: Read the short passage then answer the questions being asked.
Sally
Anna
You must concentrate on it, then.
Sally
I know. I mustn't waste my time watching Youtube videos.
Anna
That's right. We must focus on our tasks so we can finish them on time.
Sally
Do we have to attend the meeting this afternoon?
Anna
Yes, we have to. Our manager said that all team members must join the meeting.
Sally
What about the training session tomorrow?
Anna
We don't have to attend if we already completed it last month.
Sally
Alright, I'll see you at the meeting then.
QUESTIONS
1. What does Sally have to do?
2. Why do they have to attend the meeting?
3. Do they have to attend the training session?
LET'S UNDERSTAND! 📚
Modals of Obligation
Must, Have to, and Can
1. Use must
a. to talk about rules and laws
-
All passengers must wear a seat belt. (This is the rule.)
Example:
b. to talk about something the speaker feels is necessary
-
You must phone me. (The speaker feels that this is important.)
Example:
2. The negative form is must not. The short form is mustn't. Use must not or mustn't to talk about things we are not allowed to do, particularly when the prohibition comes from the speaker.
-
You mustn't smoke in the restaurant.
Example:
3. We can use can't instead of mustn't to talk about things we are not allowed to do, particularly when we didn't make the rules.
-
I can't / cannot go with you.
-
I couldn't have sweets when I was a girl.
Example:
4. Use have to
a. to talk about rules and laws (a similar use to must)
-
All passengers have to wear a seat belt. (This is the rule.)
Example:
b. to talk about obligation imposed on the speaker by others or circumstance
-
I have to stay here. (The speaker can't change the situation.)
Example:
5. Use don't have to or doesn't have to to talk about something which is not necessary.
-
You don't have to, but I think it's a good idea. (The speaker doesn't think this is necessary.)
Example:
- NOTES
-
-
Don't have to is not the same as mustn't.
-
You mustn't walk on the grass. NOT
You don't have to walk on the grass.
-
6. Questions are more common with have to than must.
| Do I/you/we/they have toYes, (we) do. | No, (we) don't. |
LET'S PRACTICE! 📝
A. Direction: Complete the table below with the things you have to accomplish at work or at home using the modals of obligation.
| Daily | Weekly | Monthly |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | 1. | 1. |
| 2. | 2. | 2. |
Example:
| Daily | Weekly | Monthly |
|---|---|---|
| I must reply to important emails. | I must attend a meeting with other team leaders. | I have to make a report and submit it to my boss. |
B Direction: Think of the things that people must and must not do in your country.
| Must | Mustn't |
|---|---|
Example:
| Must | Mustn't |
|---|---|
| You must wear a seatbelt in a car. | You mustn't use your phone while driving. |
I have to finish my report by tomorrow. It's a strict deadline.