Do / certain diets / tend to correlate / with certain outcomes? // There are really / three components / of diet / that seem to be impacting aging: // So the first is / how much we eat, / the second / is what we eat, / and the third is / when we eat. // So in terms of / how much we eat, / a lot of science went into this idea / of ​​caloric restriction. // Caloric restriction / isn't / starvation. // It's usually / just about a 20% reduction / in the overall calorie intake. // In a lot of different / animal models, / so / anything from / a worm, / fly, / mouse, / people have seen / that / when animals are caloric restricted, / they tend to live longer. // When trying to figure out if / something like / caloric restriction / is actually beneficial / to the aging process / in terms of slowing aging, / one caveat / is that / humans today / are not at baseline; // we're actually / more prone / to overeating. // So some researchers / have figured out / that it / might not be / the caloric restriction / that's actually / the beneficial thing. / So // even if / you can't / restrict / your calories, / just / moving away / from overeating / is probably gonna have a beneficial effect / for most people. // The other thing / that's been studied / is this / concept of / what we eat. // A lot of / research has gone into / whether things / like a plant-based diet / are actually / beneficial / to aging / and longevity. // And there seems to be / some evidence / that eating less / animal products, / more fruits / and veggies, / more whole foods / is gonna be / better overall; // and / also / minimizing things / like / refined sugars, / and / the things / that we know / are bad / for our health. // The third // comes down / to / when we eat, / and this is / really / a / new field / in aging / and longevity science. // So // again, / most people / aren't gonna be able to / calorically restrict, / but what / scientists found / is actually / fasting can mimic / some of the benefits / that we've seen with caloric restriction. // So if / people can / perhaps / minimize their eating / to a small window, // we think / that this can actually / recapitulate / a lot of the benefits / that we're seeing / in the / caloric restriction studies. // The idea/ of ​​why / things like / caloric restriction / or fasting / might actually / improve / our aging process / is because / we think / this evokes / this idea of / 'hormesis' / in our bodies. // What hormesis / refers to / is a mild stressor / that actually / makes our bodies more resilient / and robust / to stress over time. // So having / these short-term / mild stressors, / whether it be fasting / or whether it be / a small / caloric deficit, / actually makes our bodies / more resilient against / a lot of the changes we see / that increase with aging. //