STRATEGY 1:

Understanding common ways to talk about the future; Looking for clues to help choose the correct perfect tense to use

SNEAK PEEK 1

SNEAK PEEK 1: Common future forms

A. Instructions: Look at the common ways to use the future forms below. Then complete the following sentences using the correct form of the verb.

will/be going to - plus base verb form	present continuous - am/is/are plus verb-ing
will	- plans or arrangements that have been made; usually used with specific time expressions to indicate schedule
- instant decisions
- promises and refusals
- offers, requests and suggestions
be going to
- predictions based on facts
- decisions made in advance
Examples	Examples
Are you going to work on Saturday?	I’m meeting the chairman at 3:00.
They are going to buy the parts in Australia.	Mr. Bell is not coming to Paris next week.
Do you think they will accept the offer?	Are they bringing the documents?
They will not attend the presentation tomorrow

1. Will they (send) us the agenda?

2. l am (discuss) the contract with them at the upcoming meeting.

3. I am going to (see) him at next May’s sales meeting.

4. I promise that I will (send) the invoices to you by the end of the week.

5. He is not (take) the samples to the customer.

6. Why aren’t they going to (meet) the schedule?

B. Instructions: Write two sentences about yourself: one sentence using will/going to and one sentence using the present continuous. You could write about a job, studies, holidays, travel, or other plans.

LET'S TRY IT 1:

Clues you can find to choose whether to use the perfect simple or continuous

A. Instructions: Look at the common ways to use the future forms below. Then complete the following sentences using the correct form of the verb from the given choices.

(present/past) perfect simple	(present/past) perfect continuous
- has/have/had + past participle	- has/have/had been + verb + -ing
- finished actions	- unfinished actions
- permanent actions	- temporary actions
- emphasis on the result of the action	- emphasis on the duration of the actions
- indicate how much/many have been completed	- indicate how long something has been happening
EXAMPLES	EXAMPLES
Have you ever worked in Asia?	They have been discussing the plans for more than three hours.
She hasn’t seen the new outlines yet.	He had not been paying the sales staff for several months prior to the closure
He had already solved the problem by the time I arrived.

1. How long have you by your present company?

    (a) been employed

    (b) being employed

    (c) employed

    (d) be employed

2. Bill has been in Belgium since 1994.

    (a) worked

    (b) works

    (c) working

    (d) work

3. The interviewer had already been for an hour when she arrived.

    (a) wait

    (b) waits

    (c) waited

    (d) waiting

4. We had not a chance to meet the new director before the conference.

    (a) having

    (b) have

    (c) had

    (d) been having

B. Instructions: Write two sentences about yourself: one sentence using the perfect simple and one sentence using the perfect continuous.

LET'S PRACTICE 1

A. Instructions: Use the tips you have learned to complete the following.

Questions 1-3 refer to the following letter.

1.

    (A) was planned

    (B) had been planning

    (C) will plan

    (D) had been planned

2.

    (A) intend

    (B) intended

    (C) have intended

    (D) intending

3.

    (A) be

    (B) been

    (C) have been

    (D) being

STRATEGY 2:

Understanding prepositions and conjunctions

SNEAK PEEK 2

SNEAK PEEK 2: Understanding prepositions of time, location, place, movement/direction.

A. Instructions: Complete the text by choosing the correct prepositions from the box.

since	on
for	on
in	at

B. Instructions: Now identify which preposition in the box completes each statement with its meaning.

1. is used for times of the day.

2. is used for days and dates.

3. is used for months, years, and seasons.

4. is used for periods of time.

5. is used to refer to a point in time in the past.

C. Instructions: Answer the following questions and use appropriate prepositions in your answers.

1. Where do you usually leave your keys?

2. Where do you usually meet your friends?

3. Where do you spend most of your time?

4. Where do you study English?

D. Instructions: Complete the text by choosing the correct prepositions from the box. Then describe your journey from your home to your office/school using the correct prepositions.

into	to
out of	along
across	through
around

LET'S TRY IT 2

Understanding conjunctions

A. Instructions: Conjunctions are used to join two parts of a sentence together and express their relationship. Choose the appropriate conjunction from the box below to complete the following sentences.

and	but
nor	or
because

1. We decided not to buy the parts the cost was too high.

2. He passed the first interview failed the second interview.

3. Workers can apply now wait until a position becomes available.

4. The restaurant is famous for its delicious food its friendly staff.

5. Neither the price the quality of service meet our requirements.

B. Instructions: Other conjunctions come in pairs. Learn to recognize these patterns to help you identify the correct choices quickly. Study the list provided then answer the questions below as quickly as possible.

both A and B	neither A nor B
either A or B	whether A or B
not only A but also B

1. We have the service to suit you, you want to travel in luxury or are on a tight budget.

    (A) not only

    (B) whether

    (C) both

2. Entering the building requires not only a keycard, a fingerprint scan.

    (A) but also

    (B) or

    (C) and

3. We will have to take the bus or get a taxi in order to reach the office in time.

    (A) neither

    (B) both

    (C) either

LET'S PRACTICE 2

A. Instructions: Use the tips you have learned to complete the following.

Questions 1-3 refer to the following letter.

1.

    (A) to

    (B) with

    (C) of

    (D) from

2.

    (A) but

    (B) and

    (C) because

    (D) whether

3.

    (A) in

    (B) across

    (C) since

    (D) until

LET'S DO THE CHALLENGE!

Instructions: Your mentor will give you 6 minutes to finish answering all 12 questions. Apply the Double Pass method to help you maximize your time. Try to spend a maximum of 30 seconds for each question. If you can't find the answer, make your best guess and continue to the other items.

Questions 1-4 refer to the following email.

1.

    (A) leave

    (B) leaving

    (C) left

    (D) having left

2.

    (A) after

    (B) before

    (C) during

    (D) while

3.

    (A) Her email is sancharez@email.com

    (B) The office really won’t be the same without you.

    (C) I regret to inform you that I will be terminating my contract with this company.

    (D) Since you’ve been gone, things have really changed here.

4.

    (A) at

    (B) on

    (C) in

    (D) for

Questions 5-8 refer to the following stimulus.

5.

    (A) ask

    (B) require

    (C) demand

    (D) invite

6.

    (A) on

    (B) at

    (C) of

    (D) in

7.

    (A) way

    (B) basis

    (C) kind

    (D) means

8.

    (A) thank you for responding to the survey.

    (B) or visit us online at www.photomatic.com.

    (C) as we are not contactable by phone during the weekdays.

    (D) which can be purchased from our store.

Questions 9-12 refer to the following stimulus.

9.

    (A) For further warranty information, visit www.nindotech.com/fr/warranty.

    (B) Once you have submitted your claim, please allow 4-5 working days for us to ship your replacement.

    (C) For other countries, please contact the store where purchased.

    (D) This is your final warning before eviction.

10.

    (A) purchaser

    (B) card

    (C) seller

    (D) store

11.

    (A) so

    (B) and

    (C) or

    (D) too

12.

    (A) buying

    (B) repaired

    (C) defective

    (D) valid

Reference: The book “スコアが上がるTOEIC L & Rテスト本番模試600問 改訂版 新形式問題対応” by Izumi Irie. Publisher: Obunsha Co., Ltd.. All rights reserved.